Toasters and the like



Sept. 18, 1956l Y R. R. MUELLER f 2,763,199

` TOASTERS AND VTHE LIKE original Filed Nov. 24. 1947 s sneets-sheet 1 I H8 N7 y .iffffz I/ J j; '7.t4 l 5l VasuMY 7 Sept. 18, 1956 R. R. MUELLER 2,763,199

ToAsTERs AND THE LIKE Original Filed Nov. 24, 1947 5 sheets-sheet 2 INVENToR. a0 Ruddph Robank Muelier;

Sept. 18, 1956 R. R. MUELLER 2,763,199

'roAsTERs AND THE LIKE Original Filed Nov. 24, 194'? 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 i ao MM F59.

INVENTOR. Rudmph Robert mener,

Sept. 18, 1956 R. R. MUELLER 2,763,199

. TOASTERS AND THE LIKE Original Filed NOV. 24, 194'? 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 :L 8g 1 -Ei: @h/O0 INVENTOR. n S y is?) RudophRoberTMueller;

BY FSM' @ma 1 37 *573.16 N

Sept. 18, 1956 R. R. MUELLER 2,763,199

' 'roAsTERs AND 'r1-1E LIKE original. Filed Nov. 24. 1947 5 sheds-sheet s INVENTOR. BY RUddphRoberr Muenen United States Patent V TOASTERS AND THE LIKE Rudolph 'Robert Mueller, Clarksville, Ohio Original application November 24, 1947, Serial `No. 787,652, now Patent No. 2,595,283, dated May 6, 1952. and this lapplication April 26, 1952, Serial No.

l1'1 Claims. (Cl. 99-341) This invention relates to improvements in toasters, and the like. both household use and for commercial use, such as in restaurants and the like, and for other toaster uses. It will presently appear, however, that the toasters herein disclosed are especially well adapted for household use, and one embodiment of the invention designed to meet such use has been illustrated and will be described herein. In so doing, however, I wish it understood that I do not thereby intend to limit the use of the invention, nor the scope of the protection to be secured by me, except as I may limit myself in the claims.

This application is a division of my co-pending application for patent on Improvements in Toasters, and the Like, Serial No. 787,652, tiled November 24, 1947, and which became Letters Patent of the United States, No. 2,595,283, on May 6, 1952.

One feature of the present invention relates to the provision of a toaster which is provided with horizontal cells for the accommodation of the slices of bread or other material which is being toasted. These cells are provided with or comprise suitable supports for the horizontally placed slices, such slices being thus held at exact positions within the toaster, and also being held in exact parallelism with respect to each other. By this means there is assurance that these several slices will always occupy exactly the same relative positions during the toasting operation, without the need of special care by the operator in placing the slices into the toaster. Furthermore, after the slices have been placed within these horizontal cells they cannot, during the entire toasting operation, move into other and unintended positions, so that there is assurance that the toasting operations The toasters herein disclosed are intended for will always be carried out under exact predetermined control, as respects slice positioning.

At this point I wish to point out that such horizontal cell positioning is radically differentiated from currently used arrangements in which the cells are vertically disposed so that the slices stand in substantially vertical position during the toasting operation. In such vertical cell arrangements it is necessary that the width of the cells be made suicient to accommodate the widest slices which are currently used for such operations, and it is also necessary to provide such vertical cells with lateral supporting means for the slices to retain these slices against falling sidewise against and into contact with the lateral heating elements. Accordingly, whenever a slice is inserted it will not and cannot stand in exactly vertical position, unless perchance it is of exactly the full width of the cell, measured between such lateral supports. Accordingly each slice almost always leans to one side or the other within its cell, and as a consequence each slice almost invariably is toasted unevenly, more on one side than on the other side. Furthermore, with such vertical cell arrangement in which the lateral supports are provided for the slices, these lateral supports are generally formed of rather light and impermanent Wire brackets or the like which readily become either 2,763,199 Patented Sept. 18, 1956 2 bent or otherwise distorted or displaced from their intended positions. Such distortions or misplacements serve to greatly aggravate the tendency for the slices to be unevenly toasted on both sides, due to leaning of said slices from the exact verticalism which they should retain.

In connection with my provision of such horizontal cells for accommodation of the slices I have provided a horizontally movable slice carrier or tray for each slice. These carriers are Asuitably lsupported for horizontal reciprocating movement within the toaster, and through a distance suicient to enable ready insertion and removal of the slices, and so that when the carriers are projected the toast slices may be easily grasped and removed, and fresh slices may be set into place in or on such carriers; and so that when the carriers are retracted into the toaster they will carry the several slices back into full toasting position. I have provided simple but effective means to guide these carriers during such movements; generally such guiding means taking the form of rails or tracks within the toaster housing.

Conveniently these carriers comprise wire trays, since this construction will permit an almost completely open carrier without interference with ready and complete transmission of the heat of the heating elements to the faces of the slices. Furthermore such completely open carriers permit crumbs and the like which may break from the slices to fall down between the wires of such trays and be caught, either by a lower slice which is being toasted, or by a suitable receiver in the bottom of the housing, which I shall presently describe.

As a detail of construction, the supporting wires of .these ytrays may Ibe bent or corrugated in vert-ical planes so the slices lying on the trays will be supported by the high points of such wires. In this manner the interference of the wires with transmission of heat to the bottom face of the slice will be minimized.

Another feature of my presen-t invention concerns itself with the heating elements which are provided for heating the faces of the slices. Since these slices are supported in horizontal position I prefer to provide one heating element just above the position of the uppermost slice (if more than one slice carrier is provided), another heating element just below the position of the lowest slice, and other heating elements between Ithe consecutive slices. These several hea-ting elements are to be supported in j correct positions with respect to the several slices carried by the carriers, so that uniform and equal toasting results will be secured on all slice faces. This requires that all the several elements, carriers and heating elements, shall be continuously held and retained in 'correct positions during the toasting operations. It is a further feature of my present invention that I have provided a very simple means to support and retain all these several parts.

In connection with the foregoing it is also desirable that all the parts just referred to shall be built and retained -as a compact and readily assembled unit, of light parts and simple construction. I-t is also desirable that such support for these parts shall be so arranged that during the assembly of the several constituents, including the carrier rails, and the heating element supports, provision shall be made for eX-act and predetermined spacing of these parts so that when all are assembled the heating elements will be correctly spaced and held with respectto -the several carriers. I have made such provision as will presently appear hereinafter.

A further and important feature of the present inventions concerns itself with the means which I have provided for shifting the carriers back and forth. This means includes a curved or cam shaped element for each carrier, which curved or cam shaped elements are carried by a vertical rock shaft which is journalled in delinite relation to the carrier rails and the heating element supports so that by rocking saidA shaft the engagements of these curved elements with the several carriers will ensure correct reciprocating movements of the carriers.A

In my copending application, Serial-No. 744,090, filed April 26, i947, now abandoned, Ihave shown a similar vertical rock shaft which is provided-'with similarl curved elements or cams; but in that application theseA curved elements or cams act directly on the slices which are being toasted, whereas in the present case these curved elements or c ams act on the carriers which iny turn support the several slices.

In connection with the foregoing feature it is a further and important objectof the present invention-to ensure that the slices shall be delivered straight forwardlyfafter the toasting operation has been completed, and without any tendency for the slices to be given a twist or rotational movemcnt during such delivery operation. The curved elementsor cams above referred to engage the carriers or trays centrally of the rear portions of such carriers or trays, so that a central point of force application against the trays is ensured duringV the delivering operation. Thus no appreciable rotationalcomponent of force is developed against thetrays orcarriers, and the delivery force is a straight forward pressure against` and in line with thek central portion ofthe trays or carriers, andA therefore substantially through the centers of, gravity of the trays or carriers. No twisting movement is developed during this delivering operation,

It is a further feature and object of the invention to ensure such delivery movements Withsuch degree of rapidity or suddenness as may be desired. ByV causingI sufliciently rapid or sudden forward delivery movements to occur, the toasted slices will. be ejected` frorrrand past the trays ,or carriers, and completely clear ofthe frontV of the toaster, and may bereceived onasuitable plate. or tray outside of the toaster, and properly located-in-v the line or direction of, such delivery. In; this connection it is a further object toensure such completelyfree ejection or delivery of'the toasted slices, whileatlhe same time bringing about such operationwhiletheseveral.

slices retain their horizontality during Vthe delivery...oper. ation. By ensuring this form of delivery movement, ejecting each slice completely free of the toaster ele ments, and completely clearthereof, and with, each slice` retaining its horizontality. during the complete deliveryv operation, it is possible tocause the so-deliyeredg slices to be received and caught on a horizontal plate lor tray, properly located with respect to thexfdelivery opening'of the toaster, and at proper distancetherefrom. l'-'hisrr 1ayl be called ftarget delivery of the toasted; slices. When.y

two or more slices are simultaneously toasted in arcor responding number of toasting; trays or carriers,v they will all be delivered simultaneously4 4according to ythe are located in vertical alignment with each other during the toasting operation, one above the other, it is seen-. V`

that when theejection takes place accordingto vthe feature now being disclosed, allv of the toasted sliceswill likewise be delivered in vertical alignment, soV all suchv toasted slices will be delivered onto such tray or receiving,

plate asa stack, and inneat placement.

Thedistance to which the toasted slices -will be'ejected according tothe foregoing operation, will depend onthe magnitude of the force applied to the-carriers, andthesuddenness of such-force application,sandl1 contemplate the production of. such a proper force byy suitable spring means whichis connected to thevertical rooie-shaft,- and Il also contemplate, and include asa further object of,`

my invention, the provisionsof rneansV to suddenly arrest. the forward',deliverymovement of` the trays or carriers Y above explained operatlon; and sincesuch several shoes.

themselves, at a point in the delivering movement such that the slices have been given the forwardimpetus or momentum needed to ensure complete and free delivery of the slices at a location in advance of the toaster itself. Such arresting of the trays or carriers may be effected by providing suitable elements on the cams and on the central portions ofthe carriers, so that at the proper forwardly moved positionsof the. carriers these parts will engage suddenly with each other and thus arrest the continued forward movement of the carriers very suddenly. Or as anl alternative, I' contemplate the. provision of suitablestops to be, directly engaged by the carriersthemselves at the intended forward limit of carrier movement, so as to thus very suddenly arrest the forward carrier movements at the proper point of their travel.

I have already mentioned that the carriers are supportedby and travel on suitable rails or tracks of the toaster. A further feature and object of the present invention. has to do with the provision of such a form and arrangement of the. means whereby the carriers are supported by these rails or tracks that it is not possible for the carriers toy rock` about a vertical axis during their backA andl forth movements, and especially during their forwarddelivery movements to which I have already referred. The arrangements herein disclosed are such that eachV carrierA is compelled to move straight forward orA straight `back duringA its movements, and without rock or twist. This feature is of great importance in ensuring that aseach slice is delivered according to the ejection principles already explained, such slice will not have any. rotary component of motion, but will be shot. direcly forward and delivered clear of the toaster, and at that distance of delivery which has been intended, and for-Which the strength of the ejection spring has been adjusted. Thus, as eachslice falls or is received in place on-` the plate or tray which is in position to receive the toasted slices, the slice will be deposited without any rotary component of motion, andwill thus accurately and correctly assume its position on the receptacle.

Afurther feature of the present invention concerns itself with themeans whereby this vertical rock shaft is rockedl back andforth to shift the carriers back and forth. Inthat earlier application I` have shown manual means to accomplish'this result. In the present application I have made provision for effecting automatically timed rocking of this shaft in the ejection or deliveryV direction to thereby deliver the toasted slices (supported by the carriers) to ejected position after a predetermined timed interval. iin-connection with such automatic delivery-*after atimed interval of toasting I have provided vmanual means to draw the carriers with their supported thecarriers into the body of the toaster.

In connection with these functions, the setting of the tlmer may, in,y one embodiment of my invention, be

accomplished as a separate function from the rocking of said shaft or in another embodiment of my invention thetimer setting element may be interconnected with the roclrshaft or related parts `so that. the setting of the timer will, be.. performed as ,an incident automatically in con.

nection with the functioning ofthe rock shaft and related parts.-4

A further feature ofthe present invention relates to means.whereby the timing interval may be predetermined toathereby yensure the `provision of slices which have beentoastedto apredetermined degree of darkness. This adjustment of the toastingtime is effected by a readily adjustable element which-may be pre-set to that degree` 0fdarkness of toast whichit is desiredto produce. When 1 011959,; thlalmlllrhas, beenpre-,setz-it. will; retainsuch setting to ensure successive toasting operations to that predetermined degree of darkness until such element is changed to a different Isetting or adjustment.

In connection with the above mentioned features it is a further feature to provide switch means for automatically closing the electric circuit which supplies current to the heating elements when the operation is manually commenced. Devices for similar functions are well known at the present time, and have been extensively used. However, it is here noted that in such devices as heretofore provided and used the time count of the automatic timer commences immediately after the manual setting has been made. This is because in such time count devices as heretofore constructed and used the spring actuated time count mechanism has been released and commences to function immediately upon completion of the loading operation.

A time interval is required for bringing the heating elements up to toasting heat, and therefore, in such timing devices as heretofore provided and used the actual toasting interval has been less than the intended interval as shown by the setting of the timer; such deficiency being in each case that time interval required to bring the heating elements up to toasting temperature.

A further feature of my present invention, therefore, comprises the provision of thermostatic means to lock the timer against movement in the time count direction until the temperature of the toaster or some selected portion thereof has been raised sufliciently to ensure toasting operation, whereupon` the time count element is released to permit it to begin its time count. By this means there is assurance that in each case the time count against each toasting cycle will be metered against that cycle only during a time interval during which the toasting temperature has been attained and retained.

A further and important feature of my present invention concerns itself with the provision of means whereby the toaster may be set for production of either ordinary toast, that is, toast which has been produced by application of a high radiant temperature so that the interior of the slice has not been dried out, only the superficial or outside faces of the slices being toasted; or for production of melba toast, that is, toast which has been produced by application of a lower radiant temperature so that a slower toasting operation is required. By this means the slice is dried out substantially, by application of the drying temperature for a suiiicient time interval, and at the same time the superficial surface portions of the slice are toasted in well understood manner.

It will be seen that production of both of these forms of toast requires control of two functions, namely, both temperature and time. To produce the ordinary toast a shorter time interval is required than for melba toast, but a higher temperature must be used for the ordinary toast than for the melba toast. Accordingly a further and important feature of the present invention includes the provision for shifting from ordinary toast to melba toast, in the setting of the manual control element, such shift serving, when changing from ordinary toast to melba toast, to lower 0r reduce the temperature which will be attained by the heating elements. Thus, as long as the melba toast setting is retained the temperature of the heating elements will be at that lower degree which is required for production of such special toast; and when ordinary toast is to be produced the heating element temperature will be higher than that for melba toast by an amount required for the production of such ordinary toast. In connection with such changeover of heating element temperature I have also provided for time control, so that when producing ordinary toast, for example, the time function can be adjusted to that interval required for production of, for example, light, medium, or dark toast, but in each case with the use of the necessary high heating element temperature. Or, again, when makingV melba toast the time function may be changed while using the lower temperature setting of such melba toast function.

Another feature of the present invention relates to the provision of a crumb tray removably located in the lower portion of the housing. This tray is so located that crumbs which drop down during the toasting operations will be caught by this tray, so that by removal of the tray all such crumbs are carried out from the housing and can be readily disposed of. In this connection a further feature of the invention relates to the provision of completely open heating elements in the form of wire elements through which such crumbs may readily fall, passing on down to such tray in the lower portion of the housing, or onto a lower slice being toasted. In any case, however, the provision of such fully open heating elements, together with the tray in the lower portion of the housing, will ensure greatly increased cleanliness of the toaster as a whole, and will make it possible to dispose of such crumbs in a cleanly manner.

At completion of a toasting cycle the slice carriers stand in their projected position, so that the toasted slices may be removed or have been projected as already explained, and also the timer has completed its time count operation. Therefore, to institute a new or succeeding toasting operation two functions must be performed; the slice carriers must be retracted into the body of the toaster to that position where `the heating elements will properly act on the slices, and also the timer must be loaded or set to its commencing position so that a new time count may be instituted. In the present application I have illustrated two forms or embodiments; one in which these two functions are performed separately by two manual settings, and the other being an embodiment in which the necessary parts are interconnected so that manipulation of a single manual element, such as a knob, will simultaneously retract the slice carriers into toasting position and cock or set the related parts, and at the same time the timer will be moved to its time count beginning position. By this combined form of control the operator need manipulate only this single control element.

In connection with the foregoing I have also so arranged the parts that such interconnection feature will operate with equal effectiveness no matter what the time interval of count may be desired. That is, with the time interval knob set toa given setting, for example, medium toast of the ordinary kind, this interconnection will operate correctly to ensure setting of all parts to the proper positions to institute the toasting operation, and this will also be true for other settings of the time interval knob, such, for example, as settings thereof in the melba toast range of operations.

, lOther objects and uses of this invention will appear from a detailed description of the same, which consists in the features of construction and combinations of parts hereinafter described and claimed.

In the drawings:

. Figure 1 shows a front elevation of a two slice toaster embodying the features Vof my present invention;

Figure 2 shows a side elevationcorresponding to Figure 1, looking at the left or operating side of the toaster, the setting button being placed in its more or less central position;

Figure 3 shows a vertical Isection taken substantially on the line 3-3 of Figures l, 5, 6 and 7, looking in the directions of the arrows, and this figure shows the manner in which the various elements are assembled on the Vertical posts;

Figure 4 shows a vertical section taken substantially on the line 4 4 of Figures 1, 5, 6 and 7, looking in the directions of the arrows, and it shows the slice trays or carriers and some of the operating elements which are contained in the base section of the toaster;

Figure 5 shows a horizontal section taken substantially on. the line 5--5 of Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4, looking in the direction of thearrows, and this ligure shows the principal operatinggpants in their:set;. positlongithat; is,. sub-l stantially: at thebeginning. of the.tin1ing.operation;

Figuren; shows; a horizontal, :sectiorrtakenssubstantially direction; of the: arrows,. and this i'gure'shows'the prin.-

cipal. operating. parts .in theirI final. or releasedor,vv trpfoff positionf, that is, atithemompletion offthe;toasting operation;

Figure :7 showsa horizontalsection takensubstantially` onthefline 7-7v OfFigures; 1, 2,; 3 and 4, looking in; the direction fthe arrows,..and'thisguregshows the general plan form of the slice. carriers-,,and-thearrangement, ofthel curved arms orcamstherewitlr, the rpartsnbeing in theiry projected or slice delivery: position; at completion of av toasting operation-, being also-their positionzwhenafresh.-

slices are -to-fbe. set .onto the; carriersz-preparatory` to another toasting `operation;`

Figure-.S-'shows al fragmentaryahorizontal, section. on enune 2, looking inthe direction; of; the arrows;

Figure9- shows a fragmentaryvertical section'taken on.

the arrows; andthis gureshows the end portion of onel ofthe lateral holders l for. the heatingelement;

Figure 13shows a cross-section taken onthe line 11i-13' of Figure; 12, looking in-thedirectionof .the arrows;

Figure 14ishows a` fragmentary vertical' section at the position-ofthe rock-shaft, and. it' shows a-.modified formofconstruction inwhich the settingA of -this'r rockshaftat the beginning of the. time count operation is effected bya finger located at. the topI of the toaster;-

Figure l shows-afragmentary horizontal section taken onthe line 15-15 of Figure'14, looking in the direction of the arrows;

Figure 16 shows a simple wiring: diagram of connections .enabling the use -of the heating elementsfor production of either ordinary or melbatoast by-a simple switch control;

Figure 17 shows a modifedL-fornrfof theesupporting;

wires of the `slice'carrier trays, in-which-said wires'are corrugated toprovidenumeroussmall lpointsy offslice support;

Figure -1'8 shows in more or less schematick form the rock shaft which controls reciprocating-movements ofthe slice fcarriers, the'timer,l and an interconnection'between all these parts whereby manipulationv of'a single control button will serve to set or retract the slice' carriersl into the-toastingposition, and will also setI or load thetimer to the pre-determined position yso thatsaid timer willI function to the intended time interval, theparts in this figure being shown in-their position'at completionof ak toasting operation;

Figure 19 shows a fragmentary section on the linel 19-1 9"of Figure-18, looking in the-direction ofthe. ar-

rows;

Figure 20 `shows afragrnentary section .takemon the linev 20--2fofgFigure 18, looking in the,l directionwof-the'. ar-

rows;

Figure 2l showsa fragmentary section taken. onl the line2121 of Figure 19, looking in, thedirection of the:

Figure l22 shows a fragmentary plan section.y taken on` the line 22-22 of Figure 19, looking in the. direction of the arrows.

In.y the drawingsfl have shown one embodiment ofmy present. invention which includesahousingey This housingy is icarriedbya` suitable-base section;v andiny the embodi-v f ment. shown .this housing-is made of transparent material so that at all tirriesv the toasting operations may be obv.

served. Suchay ltransparent housing, arrangement is disclosed ingmyaforesaid. copending application, Serial Noi, 744,090; nowabandoned, and per seA itl does not constitute anyrportioufofthepresent application. Furthermore, insofar asconcernsfthe general features of the present invention they maybe embodied ina structure which.in.

cludeS/feigthenatransparent on anopaque housing, or n o housing4 at all', for that matter, insome cases. Therefore- I do notintend tolimit myself in the present application;

to such transparent housingY orto any form of housing, except, as Imaydo in the claimsto follow.

Convenientlyy I. provide abase section, 20, which is Y, hollow and', may` begformed of sheet metal or may com-- prise a casting of light hollow metal such as aluminum. Various ofi the-operatingfparts, including the timer, are

convenientlyv located; within this hollow base, as will be,

presently explained.

Carriedby the top orroof of thisbase section is a framev comprising the four corner posts, 21, 22, 23 and 24. Thei front of :theftoaster shown in the drawings lies between. the posts v21 and 23, the back being between the posts:

22-.and24` Extendingfbetween the posts 21 and 23y there isa series: ofibars- 25, 26 and 2.7, and extending between thepoSts-ZZ'and l24-there is another series of bars 28, 29.

and. 3.0:. These, six; bars are conveniently of channel cross-section, as shown in several ofthe figures, but generally speaking such section form isoptional.- These; six..bars provide, however, lateral connections between"` theseveral vertical frame posts referred to, and the details;

ofthe construction. in, this'regard will be described pres-V ently'.

Extending between the. posts 21 `and 22 are the bars;

31'and .32', fand extending between theposts 23 and, 24

are'. =the-barsz133 =and.i34. These four bars provide fore;

andr aft connections between the several posts referred. to.- Thus. the. frame comprises-,the four corner posts,V together with six-.crosswise vextending frame `bars (three` at. front and three at back) and four front to back frame; bars (two. ateach. side of .the frame). The bars 31, 32', 33 and 34,v conveniently comprise stift` wire rods. providing'. rails for th-e slice carriers presently to be described..

of suitable resistance wire, asl shown at 35, 36 and 37.

Each heatingelement comprises a length of such spirally,`

formed resistance wire, such heating element extending; in zigzag.. fashion. `back and forthbetween insulatingE supports carried. by thechannel shaped ibars just enumerf ated. Such'supportsare shown in `the form of insulat-` ingelements such as that shown at 38 in Figures 12. and. 13. These insulatingelements are set into the open face, of thechannel inl whichy they are located, each insulatingelement being .provided with a -lug 39 which extends. through the open 'face Vof the channel and to which lug the heating element Wire may be connected, or through which lug such wire may be, passed, the lug being providedfvvithV an opening 40 for such purpose. It will be seen-fromv Figures 7'andV 12 in .particular that these insulating supports only occupy a portion of the lengths of the chan-nels in which they are located. In order to locate `and retain the `several insulating supports in corrcctpositions. in the channels, said channels are provided with ears or-lugs 41 which are struck from one of the channel faces. into. positions at `both sides of the insulating supports. In .case of Ibreak-age of any support or need ifor lreplacement thereof, these ears maybe easily bent into-flat condition thus enabling the one insulating support to be slid out .from the channel, and the new' suPPort to--be slid. int-oplace, the .channel havingV pre- 9, viously been removed from the posts whereby it is carried.

If desired the attachment of the heating element Wire to each insulating support may be effected by use of a small hook-like retainer such as shown at 42 in Figure 7. Preferably such hooks 'lie in horizontal planes so that the apex `convolution of the spiral resistance wire may be engaged with the hook without having to twist or distort the spiral of the heating element at the position of such connection.

The various heating elements may be electrically connected up in a-ny desired manner, Abut generally these these several heating elements will tbe connected in series with each other, thus providing a simple electrical circuit.

A desirable means of assembly of the various channel shaped bars .and the stili` wire bars or connectors, to the vertical posts is that shown in Figures 3 and 4 in particular. By examination of those figures it will be seen that I have provided sleeves such as 43 which are lslipped over the posts, and which sleeves serve to correctly space the various channel bars and the wires on the posts, and also serve to retain all the channel shaped bars at such spacing as is correct to ensure that the various heating elements will be correctly spaced from each other. Preferably a small spring 44 is located Iat the upper end of each post and presses against the uppermost one of such sleeves, such spring being then compressed by an acorn nut 45 threaded down onto the upper end of such post and locking the several elements and sleeves onto the post and under spring compression.

The foregoing type of construction and assembly presents various practical advantages. Included in these is the fact that by proper selection of the lengths of the several sleeves the heating elements may be retained at exactly that spacing `which ywill give the correct amount of heat transmission to the upper and lower faces of the adjacent slices. Thus, if it is .found that the toasting of these faces is not correctly balanced, it is possible to substitute sleeves which will give a slightly different spacing of the heating elem-ents in question, thus making it possible to secure the desired equality of toasting action.

.In connection with the foregoing product-ion of equal heating effects, it is to be noted that the toasting action is produced not only -by the heat directly radiated to each -slice yface from the adjacent heating element, but is also dependent on the action of reflected heat from surrounding objects. This reflected heat is principally that from the interior ffaces of ythe housing. It will be seen that the toasting action on the upper face of the top slice will ybe greatly affected by radiat heat from the inside face of the top .of the housing; and that the toasting action on the lower face of the bottom slice will ybe greatly affected by radiat heat from the inside face of the bottom of the housing, that is, from the top of the base section 20. Therefore, while it is possible to substantially predetermine these heating effects, the herein disclosed means for .so supporting the several heating elements that they may be .adjusted (in the original assembly) to exast desired positions makes it possible to produce a toaster for two or more slices with assurance that all slice `faces will :be evenly and uniformly toasted. It is noted that .the toasting actions on the adjacent faces of the slices will be produced primarily by the intermediate heating element or elements, and that such intermediate heating elements should therefore ybe so designed as to produce la greater heating effect than the top and xbottom heating elements. Such result may .be ensured by correct selection of the size of wires used in the several heating elements, `and also by the lengths of the wires coiled into the heating elements in question.

The toaster illustrated in the drawings is for simultaneously toasting two slices. Accordingly it is provided with two slice carriers shown at 46 and 47 in Figures l, Zand 4. These carriers are conveniently formed of wires bent into proper lform and interlocked; and each carrier is provided with lateral eyelets or hooks 48 which ride on the wire rails Sil-33 or .M -34, as the case may be. Each carrier preferably is provided with side slice supports and a back slice support as will `be readily apparent from Figures l, 2 and 4. Thus the slice may be readily set into the carrier from the front of the toaster through the housing `opening to be presently described; and such slice may be set clear hack -against the back of the carrier, thus exactly locating such slice on .its carrier. Preferably these .carriers are somewhat shorter (fron-t to back) than the length of the slice to be supported thereon, .and then the bottom portion of the carrier is provided with a forwardly extending projection .in the form of the curved wires l49 and 50 (see Figure 7), such projection serving to lgive support to the overhanging portion of the slice, and iat the same time making it possible to form the -body of the carrier of less length (front to* back) than the full length of the slice. The advantages of this arrangement will be readily appreciated when Figure 7 is examined in which it is seen that by this means the side portions of .the carrier terminate well lback of the extreme forward dimension of these curved wires 49 and 50. This lalso makes it possible to set the forward posts 21 and .23 further back than would otherwise be required, since the Wire rails on which the carriers travel can thus be stopped farther back than would otherwise .be necessary.

The Iforegoing carrier arrangement is one in which the forward projection of the .carriers serves to ensure projection of the front portions of the slices an amount sufficient to enable the slices to be readily grasped between the thumb and fforenger for removal of the toasted slices. This does not require projection of more than the curved wire portions 49 `and 50 through the housing opening, leaving the l.body portions of the carriers 'well within the housing proper. Furthermore, by suddenly projecting the carriers from their extreme retracted positions, when the toasting operation has been completed, the slices may and generally will be thrown somewhat ahead of the forward limit of movement of the carriers, by a momentum action, the forward move-- ment of the carriers being effected suddenly by spring; action, and being limited suddenly by a suitable stop As `a result the slices will generally be actually thrown somewhat ahead of the stopping position of the carriers, so that an even greater degree of slice projection will be eiected than would be expected from the final position of the carriers themselves. I-n fact, by projecting the carriers forwardly with suicient suddenness, *and by thereafter stopping the carriers with sufficient suddenness, it is possible to ensure projection of the slices completely clear of the carriers and to such a position well in advance of the housing, as will enable target delivery of the toasted slices, in horizontal fashion, onto a suitable receptacle, such 'as a plate, tray, etc. I have already herein referred to this operation.

Also, with the wire extensions projected through the housing opening fresh slices may be readily set into place on the carriers when the latter are in their forward positions.

The :back and forth movements of the carriers must .be accomplished. For this purpose I have provided the means which I shall now explain -in detail:

.Adjacent to the rearward limit of carrier movement there is provided the vertical rook shaft 51. This shaft is conveniently journalled lat its upper end in a triangular plate 52 which 4is supported -by the upper portions of the posts 22 and 24. This shaft extends through a journalled opening in the top of the base section 20, and thus reaches into the space within said base section. To the lower end of this rock shaft there is connected the plate 53, ywell shown in Figures 5 .and 6. This plate 53 therefore rocks back and forth with the shaft. The shaft carri-es the curved stiff wire elements or cams 54 1 1 andiSSswhieh are wellshown in Figures, 4and 7'. The rear. orgvbaclc v portions of theeoarriers. are provided- ,with loopsnor fingers-p56; and 5.7 which areV engaged ,bycthe curyedwirefelements 541;and 55;' and preferably-also. theV extreme end porftionsLof thesetwirefelements 54 `andSS 5i areihooked as 4shown f at S3, in FigureV 7 to prevent ldisengagement: of* the i parts; and 4by properly aproport-ioning the;,parts thesehooked portionslSBv will servezas. stops. to.,v limit thefonward.slice projecting-movementsrof the, carriers-'by engagement of. thescarrier Yloops or: fingers 56 and57 'withfsuchhookedf portions?. Thus, `when it is` intended to. completely eject.v theY-rtoasted slices beyond the toaster housing, as whenjit is desiredgto effect. such target delivery of thefslicesnthe. forward movements of 4thecarr-iers maygif desired, be-:suddenly 'arrested by suehfengagements as just-explained, of the hooked portions 58fwith the loops orgngers 56 and v57. As a result ofthef foregoingy relationships fthe rocking movements ofthe shaft arecommunicatedto the carriers in; the formzof bacl ;and:forth movements of the carriers.'V The rocking, movement of the vshaft required-,for `thisoperation is; about; 90;degrees,.ast will be evident: from-@comparison ofgFigures;5 and 6.

At;this;point Ii wish to call attention to the'ifact that withwthe foregoing;arrangementfor transmitting-the.forces between 1 theA rock, sha-ft, andthe; carriers, the` projecting forces which are ,developed againstthe carriers-during the ejection operation, act. directly against the centers of the. reanportions of .they carriers, as isY evident; from; the several'gures; andfdueto the-cam forms ofthe elements: 5.4 and SSitfis possibleforthese ejecting `forces thus developed-against the carriers to produce -direet forward thrustsgagainst,thegcarriers duringthe ejecting operation,` andwithout. anyV rocking or twisting of `the carriers-during ejection. ThusA theA slices: ejected from thefcarriers;v are-,completely free of any roekingor twisting componentzof motion, andare :ejected with/a direct and .straight lineA forward movement. This is of importance-Jin.,producingthe target delivery function to which refereneehas already been made.

/rspring hasone end connected to the plate 53 andtits otherl endy connected lto aklug160 projectingndown from:the-bottom portioniof tlietop rof the base section. 2t).- This fspringis, strong enoughgto rock the plate and shaft fully clockwise; when viewedfrorn, above, thusv also-rockinglthe-curyedwire elements 5,4 and ,SS clockwise and forcingtheicarriers forwardly or` inthe delivery direction. A pull rod .itphas its inner end connected-to the. plate :53, said rod extending outthrough an opening1 in the sidewall of. the. base sectionrZ() andbein-g provided with; button-,4624. The curved-redge offtheplate 53.y is proyidedwith-an upturnedl flange 63Vof which the; left handiedge eiforms av shoulder whichtcan be engaged bya suitable. hook.YA Thishook is in the form ofV atrip tingen pivoted toithebottomface of` the topv of; the basetsectionllat the point 66; andthe free endof this trip finger is provided with a.hooi; element" 67Y which.v

*.ay engagetheshoulder; 643V` of the flange 63( when; the roclnshartz is: rockedy counterclockwiseto a. sufficient extent.A A light spring168uis provided onithe4 pivotal-support 66, serving to rock the finger 65 in the hook engag-k ing-direction andzto,engagethe'hook 67, with the. plate 53 or, a partv thereof .inproper manner, With -thisarrange ment, by pulling outthe-.buttonw.suicientlythe plate 53 and: roel:A sl aft willbe rotated to av point wherefthe hool -67f willA engage the shoulder 64,. thus locking the parts in the-fullyrocked,position-'inthe counterclockwise direction'.v Atl thesame time the spring will be extended l' This rocking movement and :iced rwider -fnil tension. se 'es` to also retructthe carriers fully into the housingV and'into toasting position, andthe carriers are then locked in such retracted position during the toasting interval.

Since the spring 59-was fully extended during the retracting operation Yjust described it follows that when the hooicGTis Vsubsequently releasedfrom the shoulder V64" the spring willfsuddenlyrock the shaftz51 in *the clock.-` wise direction, thus suddenly projecting the :arriers11inv thedelivery direction; This delivery movement may be suddenly arrestedrby suitablemeans, as already explained, withfprojectionof the slices forwardly with respect to the soarrested carriers. The tension of the spring S9 may beadjusted asa. control factor in order. to predetermine the velocity of; projection of the carriers when thus released after completion of the toasting cycle. This `will make it possible to predetermine the impact at stoppage of the carriers when they are projected forwardly and therefore to .controlthe extent towhich the toasted slices willbe projectedforward beyond the stopped position of J theicarriers.l

Within thebaser section 20 there is slidably mounted thenplate` or bar '70' (see .Figures 5 and 6). maybe carried by thepins 71 extendingdown fromthe topof the `base, section,` and extending throughy the slots '72.;formed'in saidplate. A spring 73 has one end pressing-against this plate. and ,its vothery end engaging the lugo, 7dV which isfV also carried by the, top of the base section,'., said4 springnormally projecting the plate 70 towards the left handside, of the toastenruntil limited by the engagementaofthetend of zsuch slots with; ther-pins. carries aptrigger 75f'whichis pivoted to the plate at;the point 76, .a,spring,77. serving to normally holdthe trigger against a;lug;.73carried1by the plate 79-as shownrin- Fig:

urcs=5 ando;` With thisfarrangement, when the, plate .'7il'is` forced towardsV the right in thebase section (away from the observer when viewing Figures 5 and 6), the trigger 7Srwillenga-ge thezheelof the hook element 65', rocking it counterclockwise, and disengaging it from the shoulder. 64.1 This will release thev rock-shaft so that the springl 59 willproject thecarriers in-'the'deliyery direction, pltlcing. theparts intheposition shown 'in Figure 6. During thisA action-the trigger-mayride; pastthe heel ofthe hook-.65; then, dueto the;` pivoting of lthe'trigger on its pivot 76 the plate, 70 ymay bel returned toits original or left hand. position (see Figure-5)y prior to return of the hook toithe positionL of.v Figuregi. In other words, this arrangement makes it possible for the plate and trigger-to be returned to their .originalpositions prior to return of the-hooloS to .its positionshown in Figure 5. The desirability, ofvthis. function will sconbecome evident.

Thereis atimer'elementdesignated in its entiretygby the numeral 79,- located within the base section 20. This timer element maybe of any suitable construction, but

that shown is` capable of correctly functioning for the present purposes. This illustrated timer iswhat is knownv asY a Rhodes'timer. It-` includes a housing 80 within vwhich isa spring element(notillustrated), which'spring element may be placed underl tension or force by rocking an arm Slytowards the leftin Figure l0. When released thereafter this spring element will causethe arm 81 tol l slowly'rock towards the right under uniform rate ofl revinfFigures 1, 2,V 5 and6 atf4 82.. It. will. -beturther described inrfull detail.

This timer includesa gear train of which the gear 83 (Figure 10)' constitutes one-element. Releasing movement of the springv Within' thetimer- (accompanied-by 0, rightward movement of the 'arm 81) is accompanied by rotation of this gear 83 in the direction shownrbythe arrow in-Fignrev l0;Vl This timer ralso includes an outwardly projecting-r'arm4 84' to which an extensionA 8S'is attachedy as shownin-'Figure i0. The construction-of 'the timer is' suclrthatA when the arm 81 reaches its full 0r#- This plate This plate ensuring this result. Vattains its eXtreme right hand limit of travel the pin 84b extreme right hand limit of movement (at completion of the timed interval) this arm 84-85 is released and allowed to spring suddenly clockwise; and when this arm 81 is intentionally and manually moved towards the left fcr instituting a new toasting operation the arm 84-85 is rocked in counterclockwise direction and is cockedV or locked in such position while the arm 81 is being moved to its full leftward movement, and said arm 84-85 remains in such locked condition until the arm 81 again reaches the right hand eXtreme of its movement whereupon said arm 84-85 is quickly released and rocks, under spring force in clockwise direction, as previously explained.

The details of such arrangement of timer shown in Figure l() include the following:

The arm 84-85 is pivoted at the point 85al and the spring eiect of the contact leaf 86, presently to be described, acting against the roller 88 carried by said leaf` contact is sufficient to rock the arm 84-85 clockwise when said arm is released for such movement. The arm `81 is pivoted at the point 81a. The inner end of this arm is provided with a cam surface or edge 81b which will be engaged by a pin 84b carried by the inner end of the ann 85. The form of this cam is such that the following operations are produced:

When the arm 81 is moved to any position leftward of its full right hand position the cam 81b will force the pin 84b away from the pivotal point 81a thus quickly rocking the arm 84-85 counterclockwise and forcing the roller 88 to press the contact arm 86 against the contact arm 87. This will close the circuit immediately after the beginning of the leftward movement of the arm 81. Any further leftward movement of said arm will occur with these contacts in closed position, the form of the cam on the end of the arm 81 making this possible and However, when the arm 81 again will again ride down over the cam edge 81b and allow the contact 86 to force the arm 84-85 clockwise to open the circuit. The effect ofthe foregoing is that the heating element circuit is closed at all times while the arm 81 is away from the eXtreme right hand position of said arm, that is, to the left of such extreme right hand position. Such right hand extreme position is the cycle terminus position.

It is thus evident that when the arm 81 has been set over to the left a distance corresponding to the intended time interval, the arm 84-85 is cocked in its counterclockwise set position and remains in such cocked position until the arm 81 reaches its extreme and final right hand limit of movement; and that when such extreme right hand limit of movement of the arm 81 is attained the arm 84-85 is suddenly released and snaps in clockwise direction of rock.

This timer also includes the two contact leaves 86 and 87 which lie close to the cocked positionof the arm 84-85. These contacts are normally separated, but when the arm 84-85 is cocked in its counterclockwise moved position these contacts are forced together, as shown in Figure l0. This result is produced by engagement of a small insulating roller 88, carried by the arm 84, with the contact 86, thus pressing said contact 86 against the contact 87. It is thus seen that when the parts are cocked by ,movement of the arm 81 towards the left, the contacts are also brought into engagement with each other, and that when the eXtreme or final right hand limit of movement is reached by the arm 81 (corresponding to the completion ofthe timed interval, and release of the arm 84-85) these contacts are also disengaged from each other opening a circuit,

The arm 85 is also shown in Figures 5 and 6. From l those figures it is seen that when the arm 84-85 is cocked into the position of Figure the arm 85 is drawn towards the observer, thus permitting the plate 70 to be moved `under force ofthe spring 73 to its forward or initial position, and allowing the trigger to engage behind the tail of the hook 65. This condition will obtain as long as such arm 84-85 remains cocked. Then when the timed interval is completed and the arm 81 has reached its right hand extreme of movement, the arm 84-85 is released and springs in clockwise direction, thus forcing the plate 70 inwardly against the spring 73 and causing the trigger 75 to rock the hook 65. This will disengage said hook 65 from the shoulder 64 and release the plate 53, allowing the spring 59 to rock said plate and also the rock shaft 51. This will quickly rock the curved arms 54 and 55 clockwise, thus forcing the slice carriers outwardly to discharge them and complete the toasting operation. At the same time the contacts 86 and 87 will separate thus opening their circuit.

When fresh slices have been placed in the carriers, the button 62 may be pulled towards the observer, thus latching the shoulder 64 of the plate 53 onto the hook, and at the same time the shaft 51 will be rocked counterclockwise, thus drawing the slice carriers back into their toasting positions with their supported slices. It is to be noted that up to this point the timer has not been set into operation to time the toasting of these freshly introduced slices, nor has the circuit been again closed by engagement of the contacts 86 and 87 with each other. These functions are produced as follows:

After pulling out the button 62 and bringing the parts controlled thereby in latched position, the arm 81 will be forced leftward against the button 82 to institute the timing operation under that time limit dictated by the position of that button 82. This operation of rocking the arm 81 leftwardly will, as already explained, rock the arm 84-85 counterclockwise, thus allowing the plate 70 to be moved under the force of the spring 73 from the position of Figure 6 to that of Figure 5. This will carry the trigger 75 with the plate, and it will be necessary for that trigger to ride past the heel of the hook 65. Such action is permitted by reason of the fact that the trigger is pivoted on the point 66, and as the trigger rides past the heel of the hook, the trigger will rock clockwise against the force of the light spring 68, which spring will snap the trigger back against the stop 78 after the heel of the hook has been cleared.

The counterclockwise rocking of the arm 84-85 will also bring the contacts 86 and 87 together to close the circuit which they control, That circuit is the circuit of the heating elements, and reference may be had to Figure 16 as illustrative of one simple form of such heating element circuit. The heating elements are also shown in Figures 2, 4 and 7, in which figures the three heating elements are shown at 35, 36 and 37, for the upper, central, and lower heating elements respectively. Conveniently these three heating elements are connected in series as shown by the wiring diagram of Figure 16, the terminals 89 and 90 constituting the terminals of this series. The plug-in terminals of the toaster are shown at 91 and 92. The contacts 86 and 87 are also shown in this figure. The heating element terminal 90 connects directly to the toaster terminal 91; the contact 87 connects to the toaster terminal 92 by the lead 93. The contact 86 is to be connected to the heating element terminal 89 either directly or through a resistor as will be presently explained. This resistor is shown schematically at 94. The heating element terminal 89 connects to one side of this resistor, and the contact 86 connects to the other side of the resistor by the lead 95. With this so-far described arrangement it will be seen that when the switch contacts 86 and 87 are Vclosed together the heating elements in series with each other are placed across the line or toaster terminals 91 and 92, but with the resistor 94 included in the series. Under these circumstances the magnitude of the current allowed to flow through the heating elements will be reduced by the presence of the resistor in the circuit, so that ,the temperature which will be attained by the heating Aelements will be accordingly reduced. This condition is ifor the production of melba toast, as will presently appear.

I have also provided a switch including the contacts 196 and 97; and the contact 96 is connected to the lead 95 by 'the lead 98, and the contact 97 is connected to the lead 89 by the lead v99. Accordingly when the contacts v96 and-97 are brought together by closing of their switch (designated in its entirety by the numeral 7100), the resistor is short-circuited, and 'is cut out of the series, and the ycurrent permitted to ow through the heating ,element series is accordingly increased. This will cause the 'heating Ielements to assume a higher temperature, for production of ordinary or regular toast. VConveniently the switch 100, which is shown more .or less schematicallyin Figures 5 and 6, may be a snap switch of what is 'known Aas the toggle type, and in Figures 5 and 6 the .small toggle .finger of this switch is shown at 101. When .this toggle nger is shifted -to the left from ,the position shown in those figures this ,switch is openedso :that `the resistor is cut into .this.circuit, whereas -whenthe toggle vlinger is restored ,to its position as shown in Athose gures the switch is closed so that the resistor is cut out of the circuit. It is to be noted that `this toggle linger will remainineither its open circuit or its closedcircuit position until purposely shifted to its yother position. vIt is .also now evident that with the toggle nger 101 ,in the position -shown in Figures 5 and 6 the resistor is short Vcircuited .and thus 'the heating elements are `placed ;di rrectly across :the line terminals 91 and 92, andthe imaximum degree-of heat is producedfor corresponding production of ordinary or regular toast. Also, `that ,by 'roc-king the finger 101 to the left Vfrom its illustrated position tthe resistor is cut into the series with the heating elements, imposing its additional resistance into `the-circuit, -and reducing the currentfow, and thuscausing the heating elements to produce a lower temperature for the yproductionfof melba toast.

It lis noted that when lthe button 82 is moved from the position of Figures 5 and v6 'leftward it will engage the toggle -101 ofthe switch to -throw said switch during the -ftrst-small amount of such leftward movement ofthe button 82. The toggle switch and/or the button areso constructed that these parts may yield slightly to per- -mit-thebutton to befmoved further-to the left, leaving the switch in its thrown position. For example, the'toggle lever 101 of the switch may recede slightly into the switch housing to permit such yielding action, and then, as the button is moved further to the left the togglelever 101 will again snap out into such positionthat when Vthe button 82 is againmoved to the right past the switch, the button $2 will engage the toggle lever 101 on its leftlhand faceand throw the switch back to the right and intoits originalposition. In other words, whenthe button ismovedjfrom the ordinary toast range.(to the right of the switch 100) and to the melba toast range (to the left of the switch '100) said switch will `be thrown to the open circuit position and will remain in such open /circuitposition as long as the button 82 is in the melba toast range; whereas when the button 82 is moved from'the melba toast range and into the ordinarytoasttrange said switch A100 is closed land remains closed as long as the button 82 is in the ordinary toast range.

The button'82 has been previously referred to. This Abutton and its functions will now be described more in detail, as follows:

Conveniently the arm :81 reaches through the slot k103 in the si'de wall of thebase section, and a button 102 `may be provided on the projecting `end of this arm-81.

`The button 82 `and adjacent parts are shown in detail -in='gures 8 and-9, to which reference may-now -be-made. `1`-he -Slot 103 is 'formed with the upper'and lower in- -wardly-projecting flanges 104 and 105 formed from the 75 sheet metal of the base section itself; and these `tlanges are so eut that shoulders 106 are provided in the midportion ofthe slot. The button 82 is carried by a pin 107, which-pinmay be made rigid with respect to the button so that rotation ofthe button also rotates the pin. There is provided'a'metal clip 108 which is adapted to ride along the slot, this clip having the upper and lower flanges 109 and '110 which extend through the slot and ride on the vflanges '105 and 104 so that the clip is guided in its longitudinal movements along the slot; and a nut 111 is threaded onto .the inner portionof the pin. Between the button 82 and the outer face of the wall of the base section there is placed a disk shaped somewhat springy washer 112 which will ride over the outer face of the base section as the button and pin aremoved back and forth along the slot.

'With the foregoingarrangement it is seen that when the b utton and pin are located in that portion of the slot lying to the right of the shoulder 1 06, the button may and should be threaded s uiciently by rotating it to draw the nutand .the clipcloseto the b utton itself, the relatively narrow flanges to the right ,of the shoulders making this possible. Then, as long as ,the adjustments of the button land ,p in are .made in that zone vor location to the rightof the shoulders, the button and pin, and clip may be moved f back and `forth without having `to exert much lpressure laterally .against the button, the springy vnature of the disk ,112 permitting s uch movements to be made while still .ensuringthat the parts will remain yin a given or set position. This zone v to .the right ofthe shoulders may be .called-.the zonefor preparation of ordinary or fregular toast. ,Aslong ,as the buttonremains in itsset condition -0f threadingon the pin 107it will also be seen that move- .ment vto ythe left will be arrested by engagement Yof the `clip against such shoulder. The zone to the left of these zshoulders. .Illay be called the melba-toast zone, and -as flong as the buttonandclip travel in that zone the toaster -will b e placed in condition for production of melba ,toast In order, however, to shift the button and clip into .this "melba-toastzone it is necessary for-.the operator to purposely turn the button, threading-the 'pin outthrough vthe.nut azdistance sufficient to provide an additional distance between the button and lthe nut, sucient to enable ;th e. c1ip toride up .and vonto thedeeper flange portions. This operation requires the clip to move over the shoulder; @and ;t offa,cilitate this movement these shouldersare preferably-made with-slanting approaches, as well shownin -gure;8. Nevertheless luntil the nut-and pin have been -thus threaded yfar enough =to provide the required addi- :tionaLamount oftclearance it will be impossible to force .the 'buttonfpast the locationof the shoulder. Upon shift- 'ing :the :button and .pin rightwardly from the melba ftoastzone to the"ordinary toast zone the button should be again threaded in reverse direction to draw the nut Valong the pin to apositioncloser to the button so that operations inthe ordinary Ytoast zone will not be inadvertently-extendedover'into the'melba toast zone.

'Phe outer face ofthewall of the base section may be provided with suitable markings to -show to the user ythe kind of-toastbeing produced with various settings of "medium^toast willibe produced when the button stands about midway of that portion of the slot'to the right of the shoulders, and light toast willibe produced when Athe 'button stands still further to theright. As long, howevl', 3, 5 ,th'button stands tothe right of the shoulders eresie@ ordinary toast will be produced. This result is attained by reason of the fact that when operating in this zone the switch1v00 is in that position such that the resistor element 94 is short-circuited, and thus a maximum heating effect is produced b y the heating elements. t

Upon shifting the button to the left of the shoulders a lug 113 formed on the upp-er clip flange 110 will engage the toggle linger 101 of the switch 160, throwing said switch into its opposite position, and thus cutting in the resistor 94 into the circuit, so that the heating effect will be reduced to that amount which will not produce ordinary toast, but will dry out the slices as they are toasted, thus producing melba toast. The darkness of such toast will depend on how far to the left the button has been set in the melba toast zone, but as long as the button remains in that Zone the switch will remain in its thrown condition, `so that the resistor will remain in the circuit, causing the heating elements to function at the desired low temperature for meloa toast production. When, however, the button is again shifted to the right of the shoulders the lug 113 of the clip will engage the toggle linger of the switch, this time on the left hand side of that linger, and as the button is moved past the shoulders the switch will be thrown back into the circuit closing position to cut out the resistor and ensure maximum temperature from the heating elements.

Whenever the arm 81 and button 102 are shifted to the left and released the spring element within the toaster commences to move these parts uniformly towards the left, as already explained. Whenever the arm 81 is moved leftward of its extreme right hand position the contacts 86 and 87 are brought together to energize the heating elements. However, it is noted that after initial application of current to the heating elements there will be a time lapse before full toasting temperature of the heating elements and adjacent portions of the toaster is attained, and during this initial lapse of time the timer will be discharging its contained time count. Consequently the actual time interval of toasting will be less than the intended time interval, in the absence of special provision to correct this condition. I have made such special provision, as I shall now explain:

I have already mentioned the gear 83 which comprises a portion of the gear train of the timer or is geared to that train. During time count of the timer this gear rotates in the direction shown by the arrow in Figure 10. I have provided a bi-metal thermostat element 114 having its outer end secured to a pin 115 extending down from the top of the base section 20. The free end of this bi-metal element is formed with an engaging edge which will engage the teeth of the gear 83 as long as the bi-metal element is at a temperature below that which it will attain when the heating elements of the toaster have reached toasting temperature. When, however the heating elements have attained toasting temperature this bi-metal element will ex outwardly to carry its free end away from the gear teeth and allow the gear to commence its rotations. Thereupon the timer will commence to count time in its normal manner. By this means the dead interval at the beginning of each toasting operation will be neutralized and the timer will in each case time the toasting operation to that exact time which has been intended.

In connection with the foregoing feature it is noted that this dead interval is substantially constant in amount regardless of the total time interval for which the timer is set. For this reason this dead interval is more troublesome when operating on short time intervals than when operating on longer time intervals. However, by actually preventing the commencement of time count until the toasting temperature has been attained it is evident that this dead interval will not affect the uniformity of the toasting operations. In order to further assist the functioning of the bi-metal element I have shown the ear 115 struck down from the top of the base section to a 18 point close to the bi-metal element so that the heating erfect within the housing where the toast carriers are locatedwill be better transmitted to the bi-metal element.

I wish to point out the fact that when making ordinary toast whether dark, medium or light, the temperature function is high enough to toast the surfaces of the slices without drying out the interior portion of the slices, and the degree of darkness which will be produced is a function of time. Therefore in the making of ordinary toast the temperature function is constant at a high point, and the time function is changed according to the desired darkness of the surface toasting which is desired. On the other hand, when making melba toast the temperature is lowered to a point such that surface toasting of the slices is not affected prior to actual drying out substantially the entire thickness of the slices. Generally the time interval when making such melba" toast will be substantially constant, since when the entire thickness of the slice has been substantially dried out the operation is completed. Therefore, when making such melba toast the temperature function is lowered and the time function is increased to a greater time interval than is used for making ordinary toast. However, in some cases it may be desired to provide for a time interval greater than that needed for the drying operation, and such increased time interval may be secured by the arrangements herein disclosed.

In order to catch and retain any crumbs which may fall down from the slices I have provided a tray 116 in the lower portion of the housing and supported on the top of the base section. This tray is of width such that it may be readily inserted into and removed from the housing through the opening in the front of the housing presently to be described. This tray is preferably provided with edge flanges of slight height but sutiicient to ensure that the trapped crumbs will not fall over the edge of the tray during removal from the toaster housing. If desired the front portion of the crumb tray may be provided with lateral projections 1161 which extend out laterally beyond the side walls of the housing and these projections may be provided with styrene or similar heat resisting plastic knobs 1161 Any convenient form of housing may be provided for enclosin-g the portions of the toaster above the base section. In the form shown this housing 117, is shown as comprising a transparent inverted cup-like unit, closed over its top, and around its sides and back, and having its front wall provided with a wide opening 118 of width slightly greater than the Width of the slices7 and of height to extend somewhat above the elevation of the top slice carrier. The lower edges of this housing may be provided with outwardly extending flanges 119, along the lower edges of the sides of this housing from front to back; and the base section is provided with upwardly and inwardly extending tongues 120 and 121 which provide, in conjunction with the top of the base section, grooves through and along which the ilanges 119 may travel when the housing is being set into place. It is intended that this housing shall be slid into place from the back, the front opening of the housing being large enough to allow the upwardly extending frame to pass through such opening, and the tongues of the housing sides engaging with the flanges 119 during such movement. A clip 122 carried by the top of the base section may be provided for holding the housing in place after it has been thus moved to its final position on the base. By this arrangement it is possible to completely assemble the posts and the carrier rails, heating elements, carriers, vertical rock shaft, curved arms 54 and 55, and all other su-ch parts, onto the base section, and to thereafter slide the housing into place with the flanges engaged with the grooves, the full opening of the front of the housing being large enough to permit such operation to be effected. Conversely, when it may be -desired to remove the housing, such operation may be readily effected by the housewife or other operator, by merely disengaging the clip 122 and then sliding the housing backwardly until the iia'nges are completely disengaged from the grooves. This will enable the user to clean the interior of the housing from time to time, or remove crumbs which may have gained access to the top face ofv the base section, or for other reasons which will suggest themselves to the student of this specification.

The foregoing ability to slide the housing into and out of operative position is directly enabled by reason of the fact that the front opening of the housingT is at least as large, in its horizontal and vertical dimensions, as corresponding dimensions of the structure which extends upwardly from and is connected to the base section.

In Figures 14 and 1'5 I have shown a modified4 form of construction for rocking the shaft 51 for retracting the slice carriers into the working position, and setting the plate 53 into its l'atched position. In this case the shaft 51 extends up`r through an' opening 123 inthe top of the housing, which opening'reaches` to a recess 124 formed in the upper portion of the housing, said recess being provided with a` front slotted opening 125 to pass the shaft when the housingi is being' slid into place on the base section. A finger piece 126fis secured to the upper end of the shaft after thehousing hasbeen thus set into place; and a guard plate127 may hel placed on the shaft andiof form to cover over and close this slot when the parts have been completely assembled. This finger piece- 126 may be pressed toone side in order to rock the shaft during the setting of the-parts into their latched position.

In the so-far described constructions the setting of the rockshaft 51 and connected parts for retraction of the slice'carriers to their inward most position, and the setting of thearm 81 leftwardly to its position against or liinitedby the button 832, are distinct and separate operations; which must be performed by separate manual operations- In case it should be desired to effect both of these operations' by a singlemanual operation an interconnection between these parts may be provided. In this connection it is-ftobe noted that the-setting oftheshaft to such inwardly moved positionlrequires alwaysthat said shaft be rocked a given or specified angular rock, namely, that amount required to shift theA carriersfiom their'slice discharging position to their most inward position; or to express the matter differently, this operation requires that said shaft berocked sufficiently to move the carriers from their. outermost or sliceedeliveryvposition to that position where the hook' 67 will engage the end: of the iiange 63 on the plate 53': This movement is, however, a ixe'd'arnount of angular rock.

Onfthez other hand, the setting of'th'e arm 81 from its right-hand limit ofmovement (at which the timer operation previously performed' was completed), toits position against the'button 82 requires a variable amount of movement; depending on the position at which that button has been adjusted, accordingto the darkness of the'toast which isl desired. Consequently, this interconnection must be of such nature as to take care of this fixed amount of movement for the one instrumentality, and a variable amount of movement for the other instrumentality. I shallnow describe such a form of interconnection, for which purpose reference may be had to Figures 18, 19, 20, 2l and 22.

In Figure 18 the shaft 51, the timer housing 79, the lever arm` 81, the button 82, and the arm 84-85 are shown, these being elements which have already been described in fulldetail. These several elements perform, in the present showing, the' same functions which have been heretofore assigned to them. The front wall of the base section is also shown at in this figure 18. Slidably mounted on the'bottom face of the top of the base section 20 there is the bar 128. Such sliding mount may be effected, for example, by two pins or studs129 and 130 extending down from thetop of the base section, and passing through corresponding slots 131 and 132, these slots being of sufficient length to'permit vthat amount of reciprocating movenient of the plate o'r bar 128- required to perform the functions assigned to that plate. Furthermore, this pin and slot support for this plate or bar' is such that said bar may be raised during its movement leftward an amount to permit the disengaging operation presently to be explained. For this purpose, also, this bar is normally supported a distance below the bottom face of the top of the base section suiiicient to permit rising movement of the bar required for such disengaging function, as will presently appear.

provide a rock shaft 133 extending through the side wall of the base section, and capable of effecting a rock of about degrees from one extreme to the other extreme. To the outer endv of this rock shaft there is secured the iinger piece 134 which may be readily manipulated by the operator to rock the shaft through its complete rock of, say, 90 degrees. The inner end of this rock shaft carries the short crank arm 135. The inner or left hand end of the bar 128 is provided with a down turnedV ear 136, spaced away from the position of thc crank arm 135 even when the rock shaft 133 is rockedV to its full clockwise position, andwhen the bar 128 is at its extreme left hand position. A rather loose link 137 extends through the ear 136' and the crank arm 135, said link being provided with enlarged heads, but the openings in the ear and crank being sufficiently free to permit that amount of rock of the crank arm needed from one end to the other without causing any binding of the ends of the link with either the ear or the crank arm. It will be seen that this arrangement is such that when the crank arm is rocked fully in its counterclockwise direction by manipulation of the finger piece 134, the bar 128 will be drawn to a full limit of left hand movement, irrespective of what movement of the arm 81 may be required.

There is a` bell-crank 138 pivoted to the bottom face of the top ofthe base section at the point 139. One arm of this bell-crank, 140, overlies the bar 128 and is provided with a slot 141 which is engaged by a pin 142 carriedl by the bar 128. The length of this slot is sufficient tok allow for full back and: forth movement of the bar 128i To the rock shaft 51 thereV is connected an arm or bar 143, such connectioniin the formv shown being effected through the medium" of a plate 144v connected to=thefro`ck shaft and to whichplate said arm 143 is also connected. In the arrangement of Figure 18 the spring 59' is shown as being connected to this plate 144, or this plate 1'44Sn1ay'be the plate 53 already described. A pin 145 depends frornftheother arm 146 of the bell-crank and rides t'o the left hand` side of the ba'r 143, that' is, below said bar whenlviewed as" in'- Figure 18. With this arrangementit is evident that' upon'l drawing the bar 128 to the left its full'V amount the rock. shaft 511 will be rocked counterelockwise itsT full amount to thereby perform' the various functions assigned to that shaft' and connected parts as previously described' herein. It will also be evident that; due t'o the" manner of-v engagement of the pin 145 withvth'e-bar 1431it-is possible' for the bar 128 to return toits full right handl position leaving the rock shaft in its fully rocked-position counterclockwi'se, and with the hook- 67 enga-ged w-ithi th'e shoulder 64 already described.

Fromfthe right-hand portion of the bar 128 there' d'epends atrigger element 147 (see Figures 19, 2l and 22). This" trigger elementim'ayy beof any suitable form' for thc functions which' willno'w'be: explained, but the constructionV shown isi well' adaptedv to meet the requirements. This"l trigger includes'- a plate which depends through a slotY formed inth'e end portion of the bar 128, the upper end of'the'plate'beingprovidedlwith side projections 149 and-'148 which willpreventthe'plate"from falling through the bar, but will permit the plate to be raised for the unlatching operation presently to b'e'des'cribed. A light leaf spring 150, having its left hand end'secured to a stud 151 on the bar 128, and its right-hand portion overlying the upper end of the plate 147, serves to ensure proper down- 21 ward'return' of that plate when released by the tripping cam presently to be described. v' y'The lower portion of this plate includes a fingerlSZ 'which extends to a position below or lower than the arm 81, said inger lying to the right of that arm 81, as shown in Figure 18. This lower portion of the plate also includes a cut-away portion 153 which may engage a tripping cam at the proper time. The end portion of the bar k128 is provided with an upwardly struck ear' 154 in position to prevent counterclockwise rock of the plate 147 during the leftward movement of the bar 128, but allows the plate to rock slightly clockwise if needed. The button 82 and/or the pin 107 already referred to carries a cam'155 which will stand substantially horizontal during back and forth reciprocations of the button. Back and forth movements of the button 82 will carry with it the cam 155 to corresponding positions. The pin 107 and 'connected parts, including the button 82 and cam 155 may travel horizontally in a slot formed in the flange of the base section, and sufficient friction may be provided to retain these parts in set position, according to such an arrangement as that already described, including the friction disk.

It will be understood that with this sliding button arrangement, the fully right-hand moved position is the position for minimum time interval operation of the timer; and that by moving this button more and more to the left the time interval of operation of the timer will be correspondingly increased. This will be understood from the following further explanation:

The cut-away portion 153 of the plate 147 rides over the cam during the leftward movement of the bar 128. During the rst portion of this leftward travel said cutaway portion 153 rides clear of the cam, the plate depending its full extent as limited by the ears or projections 148 and 149. After a sufficient amount of such leftward movement the cut-away portion will ride onto the cam 155, and the leftward position of the bar 128 at which such engagement of the plate 147 with the cam will occur will depend on the set position of the buttion 82 and the cam 155. When such riding of the plate on the cam commences it is evident that further leftwardlmovement of the bar 128 will cause the plate 147 to rise against the force of the spring 151. The first portion of the leftward movement of the bar 128 causes the finger 152 to press against the arm 81 of the timer, thus drawing said arm leftward as long as such engagement continues; but when, nally the effect of the cam 155 serves to raise the plate 147 sufficiently said finger 152 will disengage from the arm 81 and further leftward movement of the bar 128 to its iinal limit (that at which the rock shaft 51 and connected parts have been cocked by the hook 67) will take place without any corresponding further rock of the timer arm 81. Accordingly, the setting of the timer arm 81 will be determined by the set position of the button and the cam, while the bar 128 makes its full amount of leftward travel.

Evidently, when the parts have thus been set to their respective positions by a full rock of the button 134 said button or iingerpiece may then be immediately returned to its original or initial position. This may be done, either by carrying with it the bar 128, or by leaving said bar for the time being locked in its leftward position. The former operation may be performed since the rightward movement of the bar 128 will merely carry the bellcrank arm 146 counterclockwise, leaving the arm 143 in its cocked position (the rock shaft being cocked also); and such rightward movement of the bar 128 may carry the plate 147 with it and past the arm 81 of the timer, leaving said timer arm to return slowly to its right hand position. This latter operation is possible, since the rightward movement of the bar 128 and plate 147 will cause said plate to swing clockwise over the timer arm 81.

In some cases, however, it may be desirable to lock the bar 128 and connected parts in their full leftward-position after they have been moved to that position, and there# after releasing these parts when the timer arm 81 has completed its full rightward movement. In such case I may provide a trigger or latch 156, carried by a bracket 157 extending down from the top of the base section 20; and by providing a notch 158 in the edge of the bar 128 adjacent to said latch, the latch may engage such notch and retain the bar in its full leftward moved position. The insulating roller 88 carried by the arm 84-85 of the timer, or said arm 84-85 is adapted to engage this latch when the arm 84-85 is released and swings clockwise, which action takes place at the completion of the time count of the timer. Therefore, at the completion of the time count this latch will disengage from the notch 158 of the bar 128, into which notch that latch had been drawn by a light spring 159, thus allowing the bar 128 and connected parts to return to their initial positions at completion of the time count by the timer.

A spring 160 may be provided for drawing the bar 128 to the right when it is released, or the spring 59 maybe depended on to perform this function.

It is noted that by proper design of the cam element with respect to the longitudinal movement of the bar 128, it is possible to provide for such fully interconnected scheme of operation over the entire range of positions of the button 82. That is, it is possible to provide for such interconnection to include the melba toast range as well as the ordinary toast range. This is true because the timer arm 81 swings from left to right, with its zero or fully discharged position at the right-hand limit of its rocking movement. When making melba toast this arm is swung further to the left (in its setting) than the extreme leftward swing of this arm when setting for the darkest kind of ordinary toast, and for the lightest melba toast the arm is set to a position leftwardly of its setting for the darkest ordinary toast. In other words, as the arm 81 is set further and further leftward the resulting toast which will be produced is darker and darker ordinary toast, then change-over to melba toast of the lightest form, and still further leftward settings of the arm 81 correspond to darker and darker melba toast production. The foregoing statements are true for similar settings of the button 82. The foregoing statements are also true for the herein disclosed arrangements either with or without the interconnection disclosed in Figures 18, 19, 20, 2l and 22.

While I have herein shown and described only certain embodiments of my present invention, still I do not intend to limit myself to the same, except as I may do so in the claims to follow.

I claim:

l. In a toaster, a base section including a top plate, a rack structure extending upwardly from said base section and supported by said base section and including horizontal slice carrier supports, extending in slice carrier movement direction, a slice vcarrier supported by said supports and recipro'cable forwardly for slice delivery and rearwardly for movement of the slice to toasting position, heating means above and below said carrier, means to support said heating means with respect to the rack structure, and means to reciprocate said carrier between slice toasting and slice delivering positions, together with an enclosure for said rack structure, said enclosure including side walls, a top, and a back, the front of the enclosure being completely open between the side walls and from bottom to top of the enclosure and Without cross connections across said front opening, the side walls being separated from each other a distance at least as great as the width of the rack structure, and the height of the interior of said enclosure and the height of said front opening being at least as great as the height of the rack structure to accommodate the rack structure within the enclosure both laterally and vertically, with the lower edge portions ofthe enclosure substantially at the elevation ofthe top of the base section, whereby the enclosure may be moved horizontally over the top fece of the base section in direction parallel to the linevex'tending throiigh the back of the enclosure and through the front opening without interference from the rack struct're, together with interengaging means on the top of the base section and on the lower edge portions of the sides of the enclosure, said interengaging means being constituted to permit horizontal movement of the enclosure with respect to the base section and to retain the enclosure and the base section against vertical disengagement from each other during such horizontal relative movement of said parts.

2. Means as specified in claim l, wherein said interengaging means comprises tongue and groove elements on the base section and on the lower edge portions of the sides of the enclosure.

3. In a toaster, ay base section including a top plate, a plurality of vertical posts' extending upwardly from said top plate of the base section and secured thereto, horizontally extending rails for slice carriers, eyelets on said rails engaging the posts, heating element carrying bars, eyelets on said bars engaging the posts, heating elements, means to support said heating elements from said carrying bars, a slice carrier, means to slidably mount said slice carrier on said rails, and means to space the rails and the heating element carrying bars in xed and calibrated relationship with respect to each other, comprising sleeves mounted on the posts between the rails and the heating element carrying bars, and of vertical dimensions to space and retain the rails and the heating element bars in spaced relationship, together with means to retain the rails, the heating element carrying bars, and the sleeves in position on the posts, comprising removable means to subject said parts to compressive force against each other in a direction parallel to the posts.

4. Means as specified in claim 3, wherein said retaining means comprises a compression spring located on each post above the said compressed parts, together with means to place each such spring under compression.

5. Means as specified in `claim 3, wherein said calibrated relationship comprises the spacing of the heating elements with respect to each other and with respect to a slice carried by each slice carrier such that all faces of the slices carried by the slice carriers are subjected to substantially the same degree of toasting eifect.

6. In a toaster, a base section including a top plate, a rack structure extending upwardly from said base section and supported by said base section and including horizontal slice carrier supports, extending in slice carrier movement direction, a slice carrier supported by said supports and reciprocable forwardly for slice delivery and rearwardly for movement of the slice to toasting position, heating means above and below said carrier, means to support said heating means with respect to the rack structure, and means to reciprocate said carrier between slice toasting vand slice delivering positions, the slice carrier being of less horizontal dimension in the direction of movement of the said carrier than the dimension of slices intended for placement on said carrier, whereby said slices when placed on the carrier extend forwardly beyond the forward portion of the carrier, an enclosure for said rack structure, said enclosure including lside walls, a top, and a back, the front of the enclosure being completely open between the side walls and from bottom to top of the enclosure and without cross connections across said front opening, the front portion of the rack structure terminating rearwardly of said front opening of the enclosure and the slice carrier supports also terminating rearwardly o'f the front opening of the enclosure, and `the side portions of the slice carrier travelling at all times on said slice carrier supports and being limited in movement in the slice delivery direction by the forward termination location of saidsupports, together with a forwardly 'extending horizontal slice supporting projection on the slice carrier, said projection 24 extending forwardly of the supports when the slice carrier is in its fully moved slice delivering position.

7. Means as specified in claim 6, wherein the side portions of the rack structure lie rearwardly of the front portion of the enclosure.

8. Means as specified in claim 6, wherein said projection extends forwardly of and through the front opening of the enclosure when the slice carrier is in its fully moved position in the slice delivering direction.

9. In a toaster, a base section including a top plate, a rack structure extending upwardly from said base section and supported by said base section and including horizontal slice carrier supports, extending in slice carrier movement direction, a slice carrier supported by said supports and reciprocable forwardly for slice delivery and rearwardly for movement of the slice to toasting position, heating means above and below said carrier, means to support said heating means with respect to the rack structure, and means to reciprocate said carrier between slice toasting and slice delivering positions, together with an enclosure for said rack structure, said enclosure including side walls, a top, and a back, the side walls resting substantially in engagement with the top of the base section, the front of the enclosure being provided with an opening extending to the top surface of the base section and of size and contour to permit horizontal movement of the enclosure forwardly and backwardly between an enclosure inoperative position and an enclosure operative position with the side walls resting substantially at the elevation of the top of the base section, together with interengaging means on the top of the base section and on the lower portions of the sides of the enclosure, said interengaging means being constituted to permit horizontal movement of the enclosure with respect to the base section and to retain the enclosure and the base section against vertical displacement from each other during such horizontal relative movement of said parts, the front opening being unobstructed over a vertical area at least as great as the projected area embraced by the rack structure, the slice carrier, the slice carrier supports, the heating means, the heating means supporting means, and the means to reciprocate the carrier, whereby the enclosure may be moved between the enclosure inoperative position and the enclosure operative position with the side walls resting substantially in engagement with the top of the base section.

10. In a toaster, a base section including a top plate, a rack structure extending upwardly from said base section and supported by said base section and including horizontal slice carrier supports, extending in slice carrier movement direction, a slice carrier supported by said supports and reciprocable forwardly for slice delivery and rearwardly for movement of the slice to toasting position, heating means above and below said carrier, means to support said heating means with respect to the rack structure, and means to reciprocate said carrier between slice toasting and slice delivering positions, together with an enclosure for said rack structure, said enclosure including side walls, a top, and a back, the front of the enclosure being provided with a large opening for ingress of air near the top surface of the base section to the interior of the enclosure, and for discharge of air near the top of the enclosure from the Vinterior of the enclosure, the side walls being separated from each other a distance at least as great as the Width of the `rack structure, the height of the interior of the 'enclosure being at least as great as the height of the rack structure to accommodate the rack structure within the enclosure both laterally and vertically, with the .lower edge portions of the enclosure substantially at the elevation of the top surface of the base section, together with means to removably connect the lower portion of the enclosure to the top of the base section, the en- 'closure being formed of transparent material.

11. .Means as defined Ain claim 10, wherein said enclosure comprises a unitary homogenous structure of said transparent material.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Groulei et al. Jan. 13, 1925 Boletno June 23, 1925 Ackerman Dec. 11, 1928 Maragos June 14, 1932 10 Bonacoors Feb. 7, 1933 Z6 Ginder Dec. 5, 1933 Ireland Aug. 27, 1935 Freeman Apr. 7, 1936 McCullough Nov, 25, 1941 Orkfritz Sept. 21, 1943 Anderson Oct. 31, 1944 Warner Mar. 6, 1945 Barclay Jan. 14, 1947 Wales Oct. 28, 1947 Cox Mar. 29, 1949 Flajole Feb. 20, 1951 

